Typically, the overwintering host is the plant where eggs are laid and the aphid completes a sexual reproductive phase. Aphis gossypii is one of the most biologically diverse and widely distributed aphid species. The grv complex was first described in africa in 1907, when it strongly affected groundnut production. Pdf aphis gossypii glover is a widely recognised economically important aphid. Articles with short description articles with species microformats. Aphelinidae parasitizing aphis gossypii sternorrhyncha. Aphis gossypii is thus a serious threat to many agricultural crops worldwide. Klasifikasi dan morfologi kutu daun aphis gossypii. Winged adult yellow morph melon aphid, aphis gossypii.
This sapsucking insect affects plants via direct feeding and indirectly via plant viral disease transmission more than 50 plant pathogenic viruses known. Aphididae, is a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution and a variety of biotypes. In addition to its acute toxicity, it is also important to consider the possible sublethal effects when establishing a comprehensive understanding of the toxicity of a new insecticide. It is a widely distributed pest of a variety of agricultural crops in the families cucurbitaceae, rutaceae and malvaceae. The melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is considered one of the most destructive aphids in the united states, attacking at least 64 plant species, including several cucurbit crops and cotton blackman and eastop 1985. The cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is a polyphagous pest that inflicts great damage to cotton yields worldwide. One other species commonly encountered is aphis spiraecola patch, the spirea aphid. Aphididae on three malvaceae hosts recent years, however, a. Most aphid pests are in the subfamily aphidinae, including the closely related species of aphis glycines and aphis gossypii, which have different natural histories. Klasifikasi dan morfologi kutu daun aphis gossypii hama kutu daun atau dikenal hama aphid memiliki nama latin aphis gossypii, dengan famili aphididae adalah hama penghisap yang sangat membahayakan tanaman, hama ini juga sebagai vektor penularan berbagai macam virus. They play an important role in the development and physiology of organisms. Damage to a few of these crops is due to direct feeding, but for most of these crops its impact is through its role. As well as cotton and cucurbits, it can attack citrus, aubergines, okra, peppers, carrots and strawberries.
Aphididae, is a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution and a variety of. In insects, odor detection is mediated by odorant receptors ors and ionotropic receptors irs, which ensure the. Current status of insecticide resistance in aphis gossypii. Lethal and sublethal effects of neem on aphis gossypii and. In north china, the species is an important insect pest of cotton and. Parasitism usually causes considerable changes in lipids and fatty acids by redirecting the development of the host. Damage to a few of these crops is due to direct feeding.
Pdf biology and ecology of aphis gossypii glover homoptera. There are approximately 4700 species of aphids, phytophagous insects of which a small subset of about 100 are agricultural crop pests. Aphididae, a serious pest on many economically important crops worldwide. Aphis is a genus of insects in the family aphididae containing at least 600 species of aphids. Typically, the overwintering host is the plant where eggs are laid and the. Insect biochemistry and molecular biology special issue.
Aphididae distibution life cycle and description host plants damage natural enemies management selected references distribution back to top melon aphid occurs in tropical and temperate regions throughout the world except northernmost areas. Phytophagous insects with wide host ranges often exhibit host. Aphis gossypii glover is a destructive pest of over two dozen crops world wide. General information about aphis gossypii aphigo eppo global database. Aphididae is one of the most important cotton pest in benin. Efficacy assessment of aphidius colemani hymenoptera. Macrosiphum euphorbiae myzus persicae nasanovia ribisnigri tinocallis kahawaluokalani. Uc management guidelines for cotton aphid on cotton. Aphis gossypii is a tiny insect, an aphid greenfly in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. All forms have a pair of tailpipelike appendages known as cornicles. Polyphagism and polymorphic nature of this cosmopolitan aphid species always attracts attention of research workers across globe. Top of page in the aphis frangulae group to which a.
We sampled aphids from five host plant species in iran and detected strong population subdivision, with. A neonicotinoidresistant aphis gossypii glover population was first detected from cucumber and sweet pepper crops in miyazaki prefecture, japan, in april 2012. Pdf melon aphid or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover insecta. Plant allelochemicals are a group of secondary metabolites produced by plants to defend against herbivore. If you do not have acrobat professional dc, are a new employee, or are a current employee and want to provide pii, complete the entire form in full and. Growth and fatty acid metabolism of aphis gossypii. It is difficult to experimentally identify mirnas and characterize their spatial and temporal expressions in insects or in any organisms. Melon aphid or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover insecta.
Melon aphid or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover. Descriptions of some new and little known species of aphis. Antennal olfaction, which is extremely important for insect survival, mediates. Other aphids are similar in appearance to aphis gossypii glover, the melon or cotton aphid. Antennal olfaction, which is extremely important for insect survival, mediates key behaviors such as host preference, mate choice, and oviposition site selection. Individually resistant aphids may express single or multiple mechanisms of resistance to one or more insecticide groups. Aphis gossypii insecticide resistance action committee. Aphidoidea in south america, with a key and descriptions of four new species. Results showed that the weight of parasitized aphis gossypii was increased compared to nonparasitized aphids, and significantly increased weights. Aphididae complex revealed by genetic divergence and different host plant association volume 105 issue 1. To assess biological control as a management tool for the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover homoptera. Alate flying forms soon develop and spread to cotton and vegetables.
The cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is a major pest of cotton in china. Sulfoxaflor is a novel insecticide belonging to sulfoximine chemical class that can be used to control sapfeeding insects, notably aphis gossypii glover. Description melon cotton aphid mca attacks a wide variety of plants. Send the password to open the file to the same address using a separate email. Aphididae, the efficacy of aphidius colemani viereck hymenoptera. Thailand with description of a new genus and species. The picture below shows a normal coloured aphis gossypii mottled green along with some darker aphids. Udpglycosyltransferases contribute to spirotetramat. Melon aphids are softbodied, pearshaped, and pale to darkgreen in cool seasons spring and yellow in hot, dry summers. In this study, changes in weight and in free fatty acid content of cotton aphids were recorded after aphids had been parasitized. Ir4 ornamental horticulture program aphid efficacy.
Biochemical characterization of detoxifying enzymes in. North china is a traditional agricultural area with abundant winter and summer hosts of a. Five backcrosses bc1, bc2, bc3, bc4, and bc5, followed by three selfpollinations bc5s1, bc5s2, and bc5s3 have been carried out since 2009 to fix the resistances in the line. In silico prediction and characterization of micrornas. Description aphis gossypii are polymorphic with considerable variation in both size and color rosenheim et al. The mortality of two plant allelochemicals tannic acid and gossypol on the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover hemiptera. Standardized sampling plan for aphis gossypii based on the cotton. Pdf influence of cotton plant on development of aphis.
Though winged forms develop periodically, most adults are wingless and about 2. Carmen, a yellow canary melon breeding line resistant to. In aphis gossypii bottom the cauda is pale to dusky and has two or three pairs of setae, in aphis spiraecola top the cauda is dark brown to black and has five or six pairs of setae. Leaf distortions caused by aphid feeding provide excellent shelter for the insects, so systemic insecticides are useful. Influence of cotton plant on development of aphis gossypii. The cottonmelon aphid, aphis gossypii glover hemiptera. Influence of cotton plant on development of aphis gossypii glover homoptera. Melon aphid or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover edis. List of documented mechanisms of resistance in aphis gossypii for key insecticide groups. Aphididae, were investigated using feeding assays and the sublethal effects were evaluated using the agestage, twosex life table approach. Aphididae 4 management insecticides if insecticides are used to suppress melon aphid, care should be taken to obtain thorough cover of foliage. Cotton aphids are usually found on the under surface of young, tender cotton leaves, and with heavy infestations aphids can be found on. Aphis is dependent on accredited veterinarians for carrying out many of the programs and services designed to protect public health and safeguard animal health.
Morphological discrimination of aphis gossypii hemiptera. Aphididae is a destructive pest of numerous crops worldwide. In temperate climates aphis gossypii is considered an important pest of greenhouse crops such as cucurbits, and ornamentals such as begonia and calla lily zantedeschia aethiopica. Resistance to aphis gossypii in cucumis melo has been largely studied but a. Biochemical characterization of detoxifying enzymes in dimethoateresistant strains of melon aphid, aphis gossypii hemiptera. Development and fecundity of aphis gossypii glover homoptera. It includes many notorious agricultural pests, such as the soybean aphid aphis glycines. Top of page blackman and eastop 1984 suggest that the following characteristics can be used to attempt to identify a. Molecular and morphological differentiation between aphis gossypii glover hemiptera, aphididae and related species, with particular reference to the north american midwest. Aphis gossypii glover is a widely recognised economically important aphid species and invites attention of several workers of diverse fields. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of sulfoxaflor on. More than 48 species belonging to 19 families in 9 orders of natural enemies of. It seems likely that the darker aphids were also aphis gossypii, since aphis fabae is not recorded from this hypericum species. We used microsatellite analysis to assess the population structure of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover hemiptera.
In this study, we determined the insecticide susceptibility of five fieldcollected populations of a. Micrornas mirnas are small noncoding rnas that regulate gene expression either bymrnacleavage or by translational repression. Outdoors aphis gossypii is a pest of hypericum androsaemum and hypericum inodorum. Hama ini menyerang pada musim kemarau, pada fase awal pertumbuhan tanaman. Behavioural analysis and chemical correlations with nitrogenous compounds. This aphid is globally distributed, located in all but the coldest terrestrial habitats. Pdf molecular characterization of the aphis gossypii. The melon line carmen was obtained by introgression of powdery mildew, cysdv and a.
Where resistance is known to be restricted to a particular. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Insecticide susceptibility was determined by performing bioassays and using the. The cotton aphids aphis gossypii, which are about 11. Aphis gossypii is a tiny insect, an aphid greenfly in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order hemiptera. Pdf aphis gossypii glover is a destructive pest of over two dozen crops world wide. Development and fecundity of aphis gossypii glover.
1336 131 1216 1148 1301 1490 194 1114 1603 840 527 152 412 1111 876 128 526 842 1186 888 1378 212 648 1550 1150 1198 467 883 911 427 284 432 1291 947 480